3.11

= = =3.11 Identify when the students' own town and city was founded, and describe the different groups of people who have settled in the community since its founding.=
 * **



Our Town": The Massachusetts Studies Project at the University of Massachusetts, Boston, provides lesson plans for teaching about local communities.

**[|Massachusetts Quick Facts]** from the U. S. Census Bureau.

For background on immigration with a focus on Ellis Island, see **United States History II.3**

Click here for info on each town in Mass. Includes links to official websites of the towns, which usually include a town history. Click here for links to each Massachusetts towns historical societies. The historical societies have information on town history and local historic sites.



**Immigrants in Massachusetts **
Using Census data estimates from 2005 to 2009, the //Boston Globe// ("Our Ethnic Mosaic," December 26, 2010, p. B1) highlighted communities around the state where immigrant groups are now concentrated.
 * Irish immigrants are the largest group in the state, first coming to America in the mid-19th century to escape famine, settling in communities south of Boston (the "Irish Riviera") and now comprising 23.7% of the state's population.
 * Until the late 19th century, immigrants came almost totally from western Europe—England, Scotland and Ireland. Today 11.9% of the state population is of English ancestry.
 * In the 1880s, immigrants began arriving from the rest of Europe, including Poland, Russia and Italy. People of Italian descent comprise 14.1% of the state's population.
 * Since World War II, immigrants from Portugal, Cape Verde, Asia, and many Spanish-speaking countries have come to Massachusetts.
 * Holyoke: 39.5% Pureto Rican
 * Fall River region: 41.3% Portuguese
 * Lawrence: 71% Latino/Hispanic
 * Randolph/Brockton: 33% African American
 * Sharon: 14.4% Russian
 * Ware: 33.4% French
 * Egremont/Alford: 23.9% German
 * Petersham: French-Canadian
 * Aquinnah (Martha's Vineyard): 55% Native American
 * Adams: 29.1% Polish
 * Quincy: 13.9% Chinese

Click here for more information on immigration to Massachusetts

**Massachusetts Gateway Cities, Population and Unemployment (2010)**



 * Brockton: Population: 92,527 Unemployment: 11%
 * Fall River: 90,826 (13%)
 * Fitchburg: 42,161 (11.9%)
 * Haverhill: 61,578 (9.0%)
 * Holyoke: 40,000 (11.4%)
 * Lawrence: 70,579 (17.2%
 * Lowell: 104,390 (10.7%)
 * New Bedford: 91,053 (13.7%)
 * Pittsfield: 42,424 (8.6%)
 * Worcester: 182,882 (9.8%)
 * Barnstable: 46,274 (8.6%)
 * Chelsea: 37,483 (9.3%)
 * Chicopee: 55,915 (9.7%)
 * Everett: 38,299 (9.7%)
 * Springfield: 155,580 (13.1%)
 * Leominster: 42,250 (10.5%)
 * Lynn: 87,517 (9.5%)
 * Malden: 56,146 (8.3%)
 * Methuen: 44,364 (9.2%)

Statistics taken from The //Boston Sunday Globe//, "From Old Factories to New Hope," December 26, 2010, p. K8.