Gay+Rights+Court+Cases

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**History of LGBTQ Rights in Courts**
Lesson Plans - Teaching and learning about gay rights
 * NYT article discussing the introduction of gay rights into curriculums and useful lesson plans

**LGBT Rights Milestones Fast Facts (CNN) **


 * A Brief History of Gay Rights at the Supreme Court, FiveThirtyEight blog (June 26, 2015)**


 * Noteworthy Court Cases that have Furthered Equal Rights for LGBTQ Americans, from Human Rights Campaign**

====**//Lawrence and Garner// v. //Texas//**====

Lawrence and Garner v. Texas (2003) This decision overturned a Texas statute outlawing sexual conduct between two members of the same sex.
 * For more, [|see the following overview of the case].

See also the book, //Flagrant Conduct: The Story of Lawrence v. Texas--How a Bedroom Arrest Decriminalized Gay Americans//. Dale Carpenter, W. W. Norton, 2012.

Click here for more information on a right to privacy under the Constitution.

For other cases, see [|The Gay Rights Controversy] from the University of Missouri Kansas City. This site includes an updated map of states recognizing same-sex marriage.

====**Same-Sex Marriage Cases**====

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 * ====**1993 Baehr v. Miike (originally Baehr v. Lewin): Hawaii’s high court issues first-of-a-kind ruling that a barrier to marriage is discrimination, launching the freedom to marry movement **. ====
 * See Baehr v. Lewin and the Long Road to Marriage Equality

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Goodridge v. Massachusetts Department of Public Health (2003). Massachusetts became the first state to legalize gay marriage. =====
 * [|The Goodridges reflect on the passing of Goodridge v. Massachusetts Department of Public Health, 10 years later]


 * ===== [|U.S. v Windsor (2013)]. In a 5 to 4 decision, the Court held that the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) deprived same-sex couples of their 5th Amendment rights for equal protection under federal law. =====
 * ===== [|Obergefell v. Hodges](2015). The court held that the fourteenth Amendment requires a State to license a marriage between two people of the same sex and to recognize a marriage between two people of the same sex when their marriage was lawfully licensed and performed out-of-State.=====

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See also, [|Same-Sex Marriage, Around the World] for countries that have legalized gay marriage (from NPR, June 27, 2013). =====

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[|Backlash Against Same-Sex Marriage] Kim Davis, a Town Clerk in KY, refuses to issue marriage licenses to same-sex couples =====

**Masterpiece Cakeshop Case**

Drawing a Line in the Gay Wedding Cake Case, //New York Times// (November 27, 2017)
 * Case involves a baker who refused to make a gay couple's wedding cake saying it violated his religious beliefs protected under the free speech clauses of the First Amendment

Masterpiece Cakeshop Ltd. v. Colorado Civll Rights Commission

Colorado Court Rules Bakery Illegally Discriminated Against Gay Couple, ACLU Blog

[|John Oliver on LGBT Discrimination (2015)]

LGBT Servicemembers
Executive Order 10450--Security requirements for Government employment
 * April 27, 1953 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower signs an executive order that bans homosexuals from working for the federal government, saying they are a security risk.

EXTRACT FROM DOD DlRECTlVE 1332.14 - ENLISTED ADMlNlSTRATlVE SEPARATIONS > Don't Ask Don't Tell
 * January 28, 1982 - "Homosexuality is incompatible with military service. The presence in the military environment of persons who engage In homosexual conduct or who, by their statements, demonstrate a propensity to engage in homosexual conduct, seriously impairs the accomplishment of the military mission. The presence of such members adversely affects the ability of the Military Services to maintain discipline, good order, and morale; to foster mutual trust and confidence among servicemembers, to ensure the integrity of the system of rank and command; to facilitate assignment and worldwide deployment of servicemembers who frequently must live and work under close conditions affording minimal privacy: to recruit and retain members of the Military Services; to maintain the public acceptability of military service; and to prevent breaches of security."
 * July 19, 1993 - President Bill Clinton signs military policy prohibiting openly gay or lesbian Americas from serving in the military while prohibiting the discrimination/harassment of closeted gay or lesbian Americans servicemembers.
 * [|WATCH - CNN - "history of Don't Ask Tell"]

Trump Approves New Limits on Transgender Troops in the Military
 * March 23, 2018 - President Trump rescinds his previous policy to allow a new policy to take effect that will likely disqualify most transgender people from serving in the US military. The White House announces that the policy will say "transgender persons with a history or diagnosis of gender dysphoria -- individuals who the policies state may require substantial medical treatment, including medications and surgery -- are disqualified from military service except under certain limited circumstances."
 * Vice - Trump's Transgender Military Ban
 * ===== Link here for an article about Donald Trump's position of LGBT Rights, specifically the transgender military ban. =====

Links to Pictures Used: http://milkfoundation.org/

https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/09/opinion/pentagon-transgender.html