Annexation+of+Hawaii

The United States began to assert its influence in Hawaii in the late 19th century.
 * Many trade laws were changed to make it so that the U.S. and Hawaii, which was then an independent nation, could trade freely.
 * This made it so that many people wanted a chance to cultivate whatever the U.S. wanted.
 * The land became aimed towards creating sugar plantations and rice fields.

U.S. influence increased and at one point the King at the time was forced to sign a treaty that not only took away many of his powers but disenfranchised many Asians and poorer peoples in the land. ====== [|January 17, 1893/Hawaiian Monarchy Overthrown by America-Backed Businessmen], from The New York Times Learning Blog
 * In fact, the treaty ended up making it so only Europeans and Americans could vote making their influence even stronger.
 * [|Revolution in Hawaii]from New York Times article from January 17, 1893
 * That government was at first not accepted by President Grover Cleveland but later was and with President McKinley in office, the U.S. officially annexed the land on August 12, 1898.

Hawaii officially became a state on August 21, 1959.
 * [|103d Congress Joint Resolution 19: Apology to Native Hawaiians] (November 23, 1993)


 * Transcript of [|Joint Resolution to Provide for Annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States] (1898)
 * [|Letter from Queen Liliuokalani Protesting U.S. assertion of Ownership of Hawaii](December 19, 1898)
 * [|Historical Background and Importance of the Morgan Report]
 * [|1897 Petition Against the Annexation of Hawaii]
 * [|Anti-Annexation Protest Documents]
 * [|Hawaii Statehood, August 21, 1959]

Queen Liliuokalani, pictured above, was the last Monarch of Hawaii.

For more, see [|Queen Liliuokalani and the American Take-Over of Hawaii]from teacher education students at the University of Texas at Austin [|Sanford Ballard Dole] was the President of the Republic of Hawaii and first governor of Hawaii after annexation by the United States.
 * His cousin, James Drummond Dole, founded the Hawaiian Pineapple Company which became Dole Food Company
 * [|James Drummond Dole The Pineapple King]
 * [|The Sweet and Sour History of Pineapple in Hawai'i]
 * Dole Plantation is visited by one million tourists every year and sells more than 3,500 pineapples every week


 * Lesson Plans**

[|America Becomes a Pacific Nation: Hawaiian Annexation] from Portland State University